Important Historical Dates

Explore the key moments that shaped Australia's journey as a nation. This timeline highlights significant historical events that have influenced Australian identity, politics, and culture over the years.

• 65,000–40,000 years ago

  Aboriginal peoples arrived in Australia and became the first inhabitants of the land.

• 26 January 1788

  The First Fleet arrived from Great Britain with 11 convict ships, marking the start of European settlement.

• After British settlement and before 1901

  Australia was divided into six separate, self-governing British colonies.

• 1851

  A 'gold rush' began after gold was discovered in New South Wales and Victoria, attracting people worldwide.

• 1900

  The Australian Constitution was passed as part of British law.

• 1 January 1901

  The Australian Constitution officially came into effect; six separate colonies joined to form the Commonwealth of Australia.

• 1901

  Australia’s population was about four million.

• 25 April 1915

  Australian and New Zealand soldiers landed at Gallipoli in Turkey during World War I.

• 1900–1950

  Migration levels varied; many British migrants were encouraged and settled in Australia.

• 1967

  Over 90% of Australians voted 'yes' in a referendum to include Aboriginal peoples in the Census.

• 2019–2020

  Devastating bushfires occurred, causing loss of life, destruction of property, and severe environmental damage.